Jack



F. R. SUNDERMAN Jan. 1925.

JACK Filed April 1 2, 1922 I j 'ATTORNEYS.

atented Jan@ 27, i925.

narran sTA Tias4 TATauT or entre@ ries,

FREDERICK R. SUNDER-MAN, OF NEWBURG, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO SUNDERMAN CORPORATION, OF NEWBURG, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION NEW YORK.

JACK.

Application filed April 12, 1922. Serial No. 551,975.

To all z 0/mm 'it may concern lie it known that l, Fnnnnnicn SUNDER- MAN, a citizen of the United States, and

resident of Newburg, in the county of Orange and State of New York, have inventcd'certaiu new and useful improvements in Jacks, of which the following is a speci cation.

My invention relates to jacks, and more particularly to hydraulic jacks. The invention is especially useful and adapted for jacks used as part of the equipment of automobile trucks and the like..

'lhe object of the invention, generally si ated, is to provide a strong, durable and ellicient jack which may becconoinically constructed.

ln the preferred embodiment of the invention as showin all ofthe parts, including valves, are contained within the main shell of the device. rlfhe device is free of control valve handles projecting from the outside of the shell where they are apt to bc dani` aged in the rough usage given jacks, and the valves are controlled directly from the handle which in turn is located at the upper portion of the jaclo well. above the ground.

The invention consists in the novel features, arrangements, combinations and construction of parts hereinafter described according to the preferred embodimentof the invention, and the invention will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating the preferred embodiment of the invention, in which: f

Fig. 1 is a cross-section taken on the vertical center line of the jack; and

2') valve ball mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a base into which is threaded a tube 2 whi-ch at its upper end is 4threaded into a housing or cap member 3. The tube 2 and the housing 3 together constitute the outer shell or wall of the reservoir for the duid, suoli as oil. lllithin this reservoir is a ram element comprising a tube t the lower end of which is threaded into a valve-containing casting 5 which is cylindrical in outline to serve as a Fior. 2 is an enlarged view showing the piston member, and is cored out at its -upper portion so as to provide an upwardly eX- tending annular flange 6 the inner surface of which is threaded to lreceive the lower end of the tubular member et. lirom the lower portion of this casting 5 there is a tubular projection 7 the lower end of which is threaded to receive a cap 8, having a central opening S. Upon this lower projection 7 there are a plurality of piston packing members 9 and 10. The piston member 9 is preferably of leather or some suitable flexible or expansible material which will bave a tight slidinglit with the inner wall of the reservoir chamber7 while the second member 1() is preferably of inetaland serves to hold thel flexible member 9, which is really the packing member, into position against the reservoir wall. rlhis member l0 in turn is held in position tightly against the packing member 9 by means of the cap member S which is capable of threaded adjustment toward and away from the mem-ber 10 to adjust the force of the same against the packing member. i i

'lhe casting 5 has a slight clearance with the reservoir-wall so that the only point of close contact is between the packing member and the wall o'll the reservoir. lt will thus be noted that in operation the tubular reservoir member constitutes the cylinder in which the piston member operates.

T he casting 5 is in reality a valve chamber and is provided with suitable ball check valves and passages for controlling the flow of fluid from above the piston member to below the same, and vice versa. The arrangement is as follows: The casting is provided with a horizontal cored out portion 11 extending to the center of the casting, and from thence to th'e opposite side of the casting and in alignment with the cored out portion 11 there is a restricted passage 12 the outer portion of which communicates with an annular groove 13 extending around the periphery of the casting, while the inner portion of the passage 12 is provided with a Valve seat for the ball check valve 14.` The bore 1l is provided with a threaded tap or plug 15, between the inner end of which and the ball there is provided a spring 16 to hold the ball upon its seat. From the lower end of the casting there is a vertical bore 17 which communicates' with the horizontal bore, and'its upper portion is also provided with a valve seatfor ball check valve 18.

llU

'l terior of the valve chamber to Spring 19 positioned between this ball and the cap 8 serves to hold the ball against its seat. The ball 14, as will hereinafter be explained, lcontrols the flow of luid from the reservoir above the piston member to the interior of the valve chamber 5, while the ball 18 Controls the flow of fluid from the inloW the piston member. y

The tubular ram, member 4 extends through the central portion of the reservoir cap member 3, the latter being provided with packing to form a ti ht joint around said member 4. This packmg consists of a suitable packing rin or packing material 20 located in an annu ar recess at the upper part of the. cap, and it ais. forced tightly against the outerl wall of the tubular member 4 by ametal packing ring 21 which is threaded into the annular recess. This metal ring' is beveled as'shown so that when it is screwed in tightly it will force the packing toward the tubular member 4. The upper portion of the tubular member projecting beyond the packing is threaded on its outer surface to receive a load sup orting cap member 22, and this ca mem er is cored out to provide a cham er 23 within which'is slidingly pivoted at 24 the pump lever 25. To this lever is .pivoted at 26 av pump plunger 27 which has'a pumping fit within the tubular by' a meta i threaded into this recess.

AThe lower end of the' pump plunger 27 member 4. The u per portion of` ram member ..4 isl provide with an annular recess for receivin packing 28 held in osition packing g 29 w ich is l is provided with a. small projection 30 :does not reach the -ba gaging the ball. The l .pumping operation, to engagevshoul which, in the normal ,lpumping operation, 14, but when the plunger is thrown in its lowermost osition, as will hereinafterv be ex lained, t efprojection 30 engages the ball 14 to dislodge 1t from its seat, and the ball 14 in turn engages ball 18 to dislodge it Afrom its' seat so as to provide for the return of the fluid from below the piston member to thereservoir above the same when lowerin the-jack.

The following provision is ma e for 'normally keeping the pump plunger from enever is provided with a. suitable handle 31 slidably mounted thereonby any suitable means, suchv for example as by a pin 32 from the lever extending into a. slot 33 in the handle or vice versa. This handle is provided at its u per end with a sleeve 34` which is 'adapt' at the down stroke of .the lever durilg the er 35 on the supporting cap to limit the downward movement of the lever. But if the handle is pulled outwardly on the-lever so as to remove the sleeve fromk alignment with the shoulder, then the lever may be given a further downward movement sufficient to lhandle may either form a snu the space be pump chamber.

cause the lower projection 30 on the ump plunger 27 to enga e the u per bal 14 and displace the ba from t eir seats as above mentioned, to rmit the return of the oil from below t e piston member to' the reservoir above the same. The slidable sliding fit on the lever, or it may be held 1n its upper position by a suitable thumb-operated spring-pressed detent in the handle, of any well known construction for that purpose, orithe handle may be provided with a spring which normally ho ds it in its upper position except when-it is bein pulled outwardly a inst the spring. hese details are not s own, since they will be understood by those skilled in the art. In fact, any suitable arrangement on the lever may be' provided which normally llmits the downward stroke of the lever, and which may be manually shifted to permit the further movement. For examplethe sleeve 34 may simply have its lower side extending further up on the lever 25fithan the upper side so -that to get a further downward stroke the handle is simpl given a twist on the lever to bring the ,s sleeve to the lower position.A

"The operation of the embodiment of the invention described is as follows: As the lever is lifted from the position shown the plun r 27 is raised; yproducing a suction within the tubular `ram member 4 which causes ball 14 to mov from its seat against the spring and per 'ts the oil to flow from the reservoir above the piston member alon 'the clearance ,between the piston mem r '5 into the annular groove 13 through the bore 12 into the central part of the plston member or valve chamber and from thence throu h the o ening 36 to the gn the ownward stroke the pressure in the pump chamber immediately causes, the bal 14 to be seated and ball 18 to be dislodged from its seat, whereuponthe oil' or other fluid is forced past the ball '18 through the vertical bore 17, thence through the o ning 8.', tothe kspace below the acking e ements of the piston member, w ereupon the tubular rram member 4 carrying the piston commences to rise. As soon as the pum plunger is lifted ort side of the on the next up stroke, ba 18 is closed and f ball 14 unseated, and so on. The jack will remain in the ition to which it is operated at any point in its upward movement, and when it is desired to lower the jack it is only necessary to give the handle v31 the desired movement to move sleeve 34 away from projection 35, and then `force the pump lever in its lowermost sition against projection 35 to unseat tieball valves as aforesaid, and allow the fluid to flow from below the iston member of the ram to theoil reservo1r above the same. i

It will thus be observed that the preferred embodiment ofthe jack. shown provides a readily and simply operated and controlled device all of the parts of which are controlled directly from the handle grip.

While I have described in detail the preferred embodiment of the, invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art, after f understanding the same, that various modilll piston, a pump movable with and with rea spect to the ram, the action of the pump being instrumental in lmo-ving said piston, and a reservoir into which the ram extends and against the wall of which the piston bears.

2. In a hydraulic jack, a movable piston,

a ram carried by and movable with the piston, a reservoir into which the ram extends and against the wall of which the y piston bears, said reservoir constituting the only reservoir within which liquid is contained, and a pump operable within the reservoir to raise and lower the piston.

3. In a hydraulic jack, a hollow ram, a piston operable to move the ram, a reservoir` into which the ram extends and against the wall of which the piston bears, and a pump i comprising a pump chamber formed by the hollow ram.

4. In 'a hydraulic ack, a movable piston, a hollow ram carried by and movable with the piston, a reservoir into which the ram extends and against the wall of which the piston bears, said reservoir constituting the only reservoir within which liquid is contained, and a pump operable to transfer the liquid from one to the other side of the piston, the relation of the pump to the ram being such that a pump chamber is formed by the hollow of the ram.

5. In a hydraulic jack, an upstanding,r cylindrical reservoir, said reservoir constituting the only reservoir within which liquid is contained, a piston movable within the reservoir, a ram carried' by the piston and extended at one end without the reservoir, and a pump operable to transier the liquid from one to the other Side of the piston.

6. In a hydraulic jack, a reservoir containing liquid, a hollow ram, a piston operable within the reservoir to raise and lower the ram, and a pump plunger operable within the ram to transfer the liquid from one to the other side of the piston.

7. In a hydraulic jack, the combination of an upright cylindrical reservoir for fluid, a piston and a ram moved thereby, said reservoir serving as a cylinder for the co-operating piston, and valve mechanism carried by the ram and piston for controlling the flow of fluid from one side of the piston to the other within the reservoir.

8. In a hydraulic jack, the combination of an upright cylindrical reservoir for fluid, a piston and a ram moved thereby, said reservoir serving as a cylinder for the co-operating piston, a pump for pumping fluid from one side of the vpiston to the other within the reservoir, valve mechanism car-- ried by the ram and piston for controlling the low of fluid from one'side of the piston to the other, andl means controlling said valve mechanism from the pump toopen the valves to permit the return of fluid from beneath the piston.

9.In a hydraulic jack, the combination of a reservoir, a ram, valve mechanism for admitting fluid from the reservoir to bcn'eathl the ram member and vice versa, a pump `for pumping said fluid, and control means for opening the valves through movement of the pump to ermit the lowering of the ram, said contro means comprising a member on the pump lever movable with respect thereto. y

10. In a hydraulicjack, the combination of a reservoir, a ram, valve mechanism for admitting fluid from the reservoir to beneath the ram member and vice versa, a pump for pumping said fluid and control means for opening the valves through movement of the pump to permit the lowering ,of the ram, said control means comprising a member movable with respect to thel pump lever for varyin the stroke of the pump.

1l. n a hydraulic jack, the combination of a reservoir, a ram, valve mechanism for admitting fluid from the reservoir to beneath the ram member and vice versa, a pump for pumping said fluid, and control means for opening the valves through movement of the pump to permit the lowering of the ram, said control means comprising a handle grip movable with respect. to the pump lever for varying the movement of the pump plunger.

12. In a hydraulic jack, the combination of an upright reservoir, a hollow ram extending into the reservoir and carrying a piston member, its lower end containing a valve chamber, a load-supporting member at the upper end of the ram, a pump plunger operating Within the hollow ram, and a pum lever mounted on said load-carrying mem r and connected to operate the plun- 13. In a hydraulic jack, the combination of a cylindrical reservoir member secured to a basememzber, a reservoir chamber secured to the upper end of said cylindrical reservoir member, a hollow ram member extendng into said reservoir, carrying at its lower end a detachable member, valve mechanism within said detachable member, piston packing*` means secured to said detachable member, a pump plunger operating Within said hollow ram member, and means carried at the upper -l end of said ram member for operating said plunger. l

14. In a hydraulic jack, a movable piston,

a ram carried by said piston, a pump Within said ram, and a reservoir into which said ram extends.

15. In a hydraulic jack, a' ram, a movable `piston attached to and co-operating to raise said ram, a pump Within said ram, a reservoir for storing fluid and lying Wholly Without said ram, said` piston being operable in said reservoir and said ram extending into said reservoir.

16.' In a hydraulic jack, means constitut ing the outer Wall 'of' 'areservoir, a ram piston within said means and engaging the inner walls thereof, a ram extending into said means and secured to the piston and ',17. In a hydraulic jack, means consti-tut.

`litting ing the outer wall of a reservoir, a ram piston within said means and engaging the inner walls thereof, a hollow ram extending into said means and secured to the piston and having an outer diameter such as to provide a space between it and said first means for the fluid su ply, a pump plunger operable Wt-hin said iiollow ram and movable with respect thereto and therewith and said hollow ram substantially throughout the length thereof to minimize leakage of fluid between said4 plunger and ram, and valve mechanism carried by said ram for` transferring fluid from the reser voir above the piston to beneath the piston.

18 In a hydraulic jack a movable piston, a ram carried by and movable with said piston', a pump to force fluid under said ram, a plunger included in said pump, two ball check valves to control the flow of fluid under said ram, the two balls of. said check valves lying in close proximity and so seated that one ball unseated by said pump plunger will unseat the other ball, thereby vrelieving both valves.

In testimony whereof I have' signed my name to this specification.

FREDERICK a. SUNDERMAN. 

